Adverbs & Adjectives

Adjective Clause

Adjective Clause merupakan klausa yang berfungsi sebagai kata yang menerangkan nomina (adjektiva). Dalam hal ini Adjective Clause memungkinkan dapat menggabungkan dua kalimat untuk membentuk satu kalimat yang berisi adjective clause.

Berikut adalah artikel yang didalamnya mengandung unsur Adjective Clause:


MADRID (AP)—The anticipation surrounding Lionel Messi is building as Barcelona plays Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabeu on Saturday in a match that could go a long way to deciding which team wins the Spanish league title.
Messi scored four goals Tuesday to lead defending Champions League winner Barcelona to a 4-1 win over Arsenal and into the semifinals.
Messi’s sublime performance has instilled concern in Madrid over how to stop the Argentina forward, who has scored 39 goals in all competitions to surpass his total last season.
“I don’t talk about myself. Ever,” Messi was quoted as saying in Thursday’s El Mundo newspaper. “I don’t like it and I don’t want to. All I want to do is play football and do the things well. The truth is for me, it’s a great honor that all of these things are being talked about.
“I don’t know what you would call the moment I’m in right now but it’s definitely a good one.”
Madrid and defending champion Barcelona have 77 points at the top of the standings. Madrid, which won nothing last year, leads on goal difference with eight rounds left. Valencia, which is third with 56 points, takes on Mallorca.
Barcelona has won three straight matches against its bitter rival, including a record 6-2 win at Santiago Bernabeu stadium last season on the way to claiming the title and leading to Madrid’s massive offseason buying spree.
Madrid spent more than ?250 million ($363 million) on Cristiano Ronaldo, Kaka, Karim Benzema, Xabi Alonso and others, but another early European exit leaves it with only the league to win.
“Real Madrid has invested a lot of money to form a great team,” Messi said. “They did it, they have great players and they’ll fight to the end, that’s for sure. It’s only normal after everything they’ve done in the summer.
“But in the end, it’s the players not the money which plays. It’s a team filled with great players and any one of them can influence the match.”
Kaka and Benzema are not certain to play due to groin strains, leaving Ronaldo to carry the load. The Portugal forward, who has 18 goals to Messi’s league-leading 26, missed good chances in a 1-0 loss at the Camp Nou earlier this season.
Madrid will also counting on Gonzalo Higuain, who is second to Messi with 24 goals.
“We have Cristiano, one of the best at deciding a game and, secondly, we have a revelation at striker with Higuain,” Madrid midfielder Jose Maria “Guti” Gutierrez said. “Barca also has to worry about us.”
Madrid-based sports daily Marca led with the headline “And how do we stop this guy?” following Messi’s performance.
“It would be ridiculous to think about just defending one player,” Guti said. “You can’t plan to mark just Messi because then (Thierry) Henry, (Zlatan) Ibrahimovic, (Andres) Iniesta, Bojan (Krkic) or Pedro (Rodriguez) appear.”
Ibrahimovic remains in doubt due to a thigh muscle tear, while Iniesta has recovered from a similar injury. Barcelona is missing France defender Eric Abidal because of a thigh problem, while center back Gerard Pique’s participation will likely be decided just before the game.
Barcelona has won four, lost two and drawn one in matches against Madrid in which Messi featured. The world player of the year has scored six goals in those seven games.
“It’s always been like this with my life. Since my debut, everything’s happened so fast,” Messi said. “But you have to live it with calmness. I’m relaxed, I’m always relaxed. I’m doing what I always wanted to do, which was to play football.”
Overall, Madrid has 68 wins to Barcelona’s 61 with 30 draws, although the Catalans have won three straight.
In other matches this weekend, it’s: Malaga vs. Sevilla; Tenerife vs. Valladolid; Villarreal vs. Sporting Gijon; Xerez vs. Getafe; Deportivo La Coruna vs. Racing Santander; Athletic Club vs. Almeria; Osasuna vs. Zaragoza; and Espanyol vs. Atletico Madrid.

Catatan : kalimat adjective clause ditandai dengan huruf tebal dan miring.

Adverbs

Adverb adalah kata yang berfungsi untuk mendeskripsikan verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat), atau adverb lain. Kata keterangan bahasa Inggris ini merupakan satu dari delapan part of speech.

Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Order:

He studied hard at school last year to get good grades. (Dia belajar keras di sekolah tahun kemarin untuk mendapatkan peringkat yang bagus.)

Keterangan: hard = adverb of manner at school = adverbial of place last year = adverbial of time to get good grades = adverbial of purpose

Adverb Degrees

Adverb dapat digunakan untuk membuat perbandingan. Kata ini dapat mengalami perubahan bentuk sesuai dengan jenis perbandingannya.

Degree of Comparison	Penjelasan dan Contoh
Positive Degree	membandingkan kesetaraan Contoh: She walks as slowly as a turtle. (Dia berjalan selambat kura-kura.)
Comparative Degree	membandingkan dua hal Contoh: She walks more slowly than a turtle. (Dia berjalan lebih lambat dari kura-kura.) Soal Comparative Adverb
Superlative Degree	membandingkan tiga hal atau lebih Contoh: She runs the most slowly in my class. (Dia berlari paling lambat di kelas saya.) Soal Superlative Adverb

Adverbial Phrase

Adverbial phrase merupakan kelompok kata yang terdiri dari adverb dengan qualifier (very, so, enough, etc) atau kelompok kata seperti: prepositional phrase atau infinitive phrase yang berfungsi seperti adverb.

Adverbial Phrase	Contoh
Adverb + Qualifier	very fast, so quickly
Prepositional Phrase	before lunch, during the war
Infinitive Phrase	to pass the exam, to gain weight

Adverbial Clause dan Reduced Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause merupakan dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan dan memberikan informasi tentang verb, adjective, atau kata keterangan lain pada independent clause di dalam suatu complex sentence. Mempersingkat adverbial clause (reduced adverbial clause) dapat dilakukan dengan syarat di dalam complex sentence hanya terdapat satu subject.

Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause	Contoh Kalimat Reduced Adverbial Clause
When he didn’t come last night, he notified by phone. (Ketika dia tidak datang semalam, dia mengabari melalui telepon.)	When not coming last night, he notified by phone. (Ketika tidak datang semalam, dia mengabari melalui telepon.)

REFERENCES: 

http://kakano22.blogspot.co.id/2010/04/adjective-clause.html\

https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-macam-contoh-kalimat-adverbs